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Engineering & science Calculators
Convert core technical quantities and solve mechanics, materials, rotation, wave, fluid, aerodynamic, gas, heat, and thermodynamic workflows with explicit models and units. Confirm the physical quantity before converting: force is not mass, torque is not energy, mass flow is not volume flow, and dynamic viscosity is not kinematic viscosity without additional measured properties.
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Engineering & science topics
Select a topic to reveal its calculators. Multiple topics can remain open at the same time.Engineering & scienceConvert core technical quantities and solve mechanics, materials, rotation, wave, fluid, aerodynamic, gas, heat, and thermodynamic workflows with explicit models and units.53 available
- Pressure ConverterConvert SI, atmospheric, mercury-column, and customary pressure units.Open calculator
- Energy ConverterConvert joules, watt-hours, calories, BTU, foot-pounds, and electronvolts.Open calculator
- Power ConverterConvert watts, horsepower, BTU per hour, and mechanical power units.Open calculator
- Force ConverterConvert newtons, pound-force, kilogram-force, dynes, and kip-force.Open calculator
- Torque ConverterConvert newton-metres, pound-force feet or inches, and kilogram-force metres.Open calculator
- Density ConverterConvert mass-per-volume units used in materials, fluids, construction, and laboratories.Open calculator
- Volumetric Flow Rate ConverterConvert metric, US, Imperial, and cubic-foot volume flow rates.Open calculator
- Mass Flow Rate ConverterConvert mass flow across seconds, hours, pounds, and metric tonnes.Open calculator
- Frequency ConverterConvert hertz and metric frequency scales plus cycles or revolutions per minute.Open calculator
- Dynamic Viscosity ConverterConvert pascal-seconds, poise, centipoise, and customary dynamic-viscosity units.Open calculator
- Kinematic Viscosity ConverterConvert square-length-per-time units, stokes, and centistokes.Open calculator
- Force, Mass and Acceleration CalculatorSolve Newton's second-law relationship for net force, constant mass, or acceleration with unit-normalized companion weight and acceleration outputs.Open calculator
- Constant-Acceleration Kinematics CalculatorSolve displacement, final velocity, acceleration, or elapsed time for one-dimensional constant-acceleration motion and reconcile the independent kinematic equations.Open calculator
- Projectile Motion CalculatorCalculate ideal flight time, horizontal range, peak time and height, landing velocity, and impact angle from launch speed, angle, elevation, and gravity.Open calculator
- Work, Force and Distance CalculatorSolve mechanical work, force magnitude, or displacement using the angle between force and displacement, with effective force and sign interpretation.Open calculator
- Kinetic and Potential Energy CalculatorCalculate translational kinetic energy, gravitational potential-energy change, mechanical-energy total, and the equivalent speeds or heights represented by each term.Open calculator
- Momentum and Impulse CalculatorRelate mass, initial and final velocity, impulse, average force, and duration with signed momentum-change and kinetic-energy companion outputs.Open calculator
- One-Dimensional Collision CalculatorSolve two-body post-collision velocities from masses, initial velocities, and coefficient of restitution, then reconcile momentum and kinetic-energy change.Open calculator
- Centripetal Force CalculatorSolve inward force, mass, tangential speed, or radius and report radial acceleration, angular speed, period, and revolutions per minute.Open calculator
- Torque and Lever Arm CalculatorSolve torque, applied force, moment arm, or force angle with perpendicular-force and geometric lever-arm companion outputs.Open calculator
- Angular and Linear Velocity CalculatorConvert between angular speed, tangential speed, radius, period, frequency, and RPM for ideal circular motion.Open calculator
- Rotational Energy and Angular Momentum CalculatorCalculate rotational kinetic energy and angular momentum from moment of inertia and angular speed, with RPM, period, and equivalent rim-speed outputs.Open calculator
- Spring Force and Elastic Energy CalculatorSolve Hooke-law force, stiffness, or displacement and report stored elastic energy, work over the entered displacement, and natural-frequency input compatibility.Open calculator
- Mass–Spring Natural Frequency CalculatorCalculate undamped natural angular frequency, frequency, period, static deflection, and damping-adjusted frequency from mass, stiffness, and optional damping ratio.Open calculator
- Simple Pendulum Period CalculatorSolve ideal pendulum period, length, or local gravity and compare the small-angle period with an amplitude-corrected approximation.Open calculator
- Wave Speed, Frequency and Wavelength CalculatorSolve wave speed, frequency, wavelength, period, and wave number with compatible metric scaling.Open calculator
- Sound Doppler Effect CalculatorCalculate observed frequency for independently moving source and observer along the line of sight, plus wavelength and closing-speed interpretation.Open calculator
- Stress, Strain and Young's Modulus CalculatorSolve uniaxial stress, strain, or elastic modulus, with optional load–area and extension–length checks that expose the complete elastic-state reconciliation.Open calculator
- Shear Stress, Strain and Modulus CalculatorSolve average direct shear stress, shear strain, or shear modulus from force, area, transverse displacement, and layer thickness.Open calculator
- Poisson's Ratio CalculatorSolve Poisson's ratio, axial strain, lateral strain, and corresponding dimensional changes with explicit tension/compression signs.Open calculator
- Axial Deformation CalculatorCalculate elastic extension or shortening, stress, strain, and stiffness for a uniform prismatic member under axial load.Open calculator
- Linear, Area and Volume Thermal Expansion CalculatorCalculate dimensional change and final size for linear, isotropic area, or isotropic volume expansion using an entered coefficient and temperature change.Open calculator
- Restrained Thermal Stress CalculatorEstimate ideal fully restrained thermal stress, free expansion, restraint force, and stored elastic-energy density from modulus, expansion coefficient, temperature change, and area.Open calculator
- Cross-Section Properties CalculatorCalculate area, centroidal second moment of area, polar moment, section modulus, and radius of gyration for solid rectangles, solid circles, and hollow circular sections.Open calculator
- Beam Bending Stress CalculatorCalculate maximum elastic bending stress, curvature, strain, and required section modulus from moment, section inertia, extreme-fibre distance, and modulus.Open calculator
- Beam Deflection CalculatorCalculate maximum elastic deflection, end slope or centre slope, support reactions, and bending moment for common simply supported and cantilever point or uniform loads.Open calculator
- Reynolds Number CalculatorSolve Reynolds number, flow speed, characteristic length, density, dynamic viscosity, or kinematic viscosity and show both equivalent formulations.Open calculator
- Flow Continuity CalculatorSolve incompressible volumetric flow, cross-sectional area, diameter, or average velocity and compare two sections through the continuity relationship.Open calculator
- Mass Flow, Volume Flow and Density CalculatorSolve mass flow, volumetric flow, or density and expose per-second and per-hour equivalents without guessing fluid properties.Open calculator
- Bernoulli Energy CalculatorReconcile pressure, velocity, elevation, and optional pump or loss head between two steady incompressible-flow locations.Open calculator
- Dynamic Pressure CalculatorSolve dynamic pressure, density, or relative speed and report equivalent pressure units, velocity head, and kinetic energy per unit mass.Open calculator
- Mach Number and Speed of Sound CalculatorSolve ideal-gas speed of sound, Mach number, flow speed, or absolute temperature from gas constant, heat-capacity ratio, and temperature.Open calculator
- Lift and Drag Force CalculatorCalculate dynamic pressure, lift, drag, coefficient ratio, and required coefficient or area from density, relative speed, reference area, and entered aerodynamic coefficients.Open calculator
- Buoyancy and Displaced Volume CalculatorSolve buoyant force, displaced volume, fluid density, supported mass, apparent weight, and submerged fraction for a stated static-fluid scenario.Open calculator
- Ideal Gas Law CalculatorSolve pressure, volume, amount, or absolute temperature and report molar density and number of molecules with every absolute unit made explicit.Open calculator
- Sensible Heat and Temperature Change CalculatorSolve heat, mass, specific heat capacity, or temperature change and report heat rate when a duration is entered.Open calculator
- Latent Heat and Phase Change CalculatorSolve phase-change energy, mass, or latent heat and combine optional preheating and post-heating sensible stages into a transparent energy total.Open calculator
- Calorimetry and Mixing Temperature CalculatorCalculate ideal equilibrium temperature and heat exchanged for two bodies or fluids with entered masses, heat capacities, and initial temperatures.Open calculator
- Conduction Heat-Transfer CalculatorSolve steady one-dimensional conduction heat rate, conductivity, area, thickness, or temperature difference and report heat flux and thermal resistance.Open calculator
- Composite Thermal Resistance CalculatorCombine up to three solid layers and entered inside/outside film coefficients to calculate total resistance, U-value, heat flux, heat rate, and interface temperatures.Open calculator
- First-Law Energy Balance CalculatorReconcile heat, work, and change in internal, kinetic, and potential energy for a closed system using an explicit sign convention.Open calculator
- Carnot Efficiency and Ideal COP CalculatorCalculate reversible heat-engine efficiency and ideal refrigerator or heat-pump coefficients of performance from absolute hot and cold temperatures.Open calculator
- Heat Exchanger LMTD and Effectiveness CalculatorCalculate terminal temperature differences, log-mean temperature difference, duty from UA, reconciled effectiveness estimate, capacity rates, and energy-balance mismatch for parallel or counterflow data.Open calculator