Measure annual pre-tax property cash flow against total cash invested.
It keeps income, operating costs, financing, invested cash, value, timing, and exit assumptions explicit so you can reproduce the result and compare genuinely consistent scenarios.
Annual pre-tax cash flow of 9,000 on 120,000 of invested cash gives a 7.5% cash-on-cash return.
Cash invested should include the down payment and other cash actually committed. Appreciation, principal reduction, sale proceeds, and income tax are excluded.
Quick guide
How to use this calculator
Enter property amounts from one consistent currency and period.
Use the labels to match the calculator's stated income, cost, area, or capacity convention.
Read the assumptions beside the result before using it in an investment comparison.
Entered fixed decimals use exact rational arithmetic. Money rounds only for display; a supported nonzero amount is never replaced by a misleading zero.
Worked example
Worked example
Annual pre-tax cash flow of 9,000 on 120,000 of invested cash gives a 7.5% cash-on-cash return.
Amounts accept up to 30 digits and 12 decimal places and are capped at 1e12 per input. Rates are capped at 1000%; signed value-change rates cannot be below −100%.
International scope
No currency, tax regime, tenancy law, lender threshold, local market database, appraisal standard, or jurisdiction-specific fee is assumed.
Decision boundary
The result is an arithmetic scenario based on visitor-entered figures, not an appraisal, forecast, lending decision, legal determination, or investment recommendation.
Calculator-specific assumptions
Cash invested should include the down payment and other cash actually committed. Appreciation, principal reduction, sale proceeds, and income tax are excluded.
